Testing and Listing of Drift Reducing Sprayers in Germany D. Rautmann Biological Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Application Techniques Division, Messeweg 11-12, D-38104 Braunschweig

نویسنده

  • D. RAUTMANN
چکیده

Drift is one of the main paths of plant protection products to non-target organisms. In Germany great efforts are made to reduce drift. Therefore sprayers are tested concerning their drift reducing ability in relation to the German basic drift values which have been determined on the basis of more than 180 drift trials with conventional sprayers. A classification system with classes of at least 50 %, 75 % or 90 % drift reduction has been introduced. Sprayers which meet the requirements of the German guideline are listed in the list of drift reducing sprayers. Nearly all of the listed sprayers are equipped with air induction nozzles to produce large droplets. In orchards and hops additional measures are necessary to achieve the respective drift classes.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Molecular taxonomic, epidemiological and population genetic approaches to understanding yam anthracnose disease

International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), P.O. Box 5466, Aleppo, Syria, and Root and Tuber Program, IRAD, B.P. 2123 Messa, Yaoundé, Cameroon. German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures (DSMZ) c/o BBA, Messeweg 11/12, D-38104 Braunschweig, Germany. Virginia State University, Agricultural Research Station, Box 9061 Petersburg, VA 23806, USA ADAS Arthur R...

متن کامل

Banana - associated microbial communities in Uganda are 1 highly diverse but dominated by Enterobacteriaceae 2 3

Graz University of Technology, Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Petersgasse 12, A6 8010 Graz, Austria; Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI), Messeweg 11, D-38104 Braunschweig, 7 Germany, Kawanda Agricultural Research Institute, National Banana Research Program, 8 Uganda; Makerere University, Department of Agricultural Production, College of 9 Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Uganda and B...

متن کامل

New protocols to assess the environmental impact of pests in the EPPO decisionsupport scheme for pest risk analysis

M. Kenis1, S. Bacher2, R. H. A. Baker3, E. Branquart4, S. Brunel5, J. Holt6, P. E. Hulme7, A. MacLeod3, J. Pergl8, F. Petter5, P. Pyšek8,9, G. Schrader10, A. Sissons11, U. Starfinger10 and U. Schaffner1 1CABI Europe-Switzerland, 1 Rue des Grillons, 2800 Delémont (Switzerland); e-mail: [email protected] 2University of Fribourg, 6 Chemin du Musée, 1700 Fribourg (Switzerland) 3Food and Environment ...

متن کامل

Bees and Pesticides Symposium organized by Anna Gloria Sabatini and Klaus Wallner

The assessment of pesticide risk to bees: the work of the ICPBR ‘Bee Protection Group’ G. B. Lewis , P. A. Oomen , D. Brasse , J. H. Stevenson 4 1 JSC International Ltd, Osborne House, 20 Victoria Avenue, Harrogate, North Yorkshire, HG1 5QY, UK; 2 Plant Protection Service, Postbox 9102, 6700 HC Wageningen, The Netherlands; 3 Biologische Bundesanstalt (BBA), Messeweg 112, 38104 Braunschweig, Ger...

متن کامل

Human 3-D tissue models in radiation biology: current status and future perspectives

In this review, we discuss the use of a variety of 3-D models (particularly 3-D skin, lung, breast and endothelial) in radiobiological research and highlight the differences in responses compared to 2-D culturing conditions (monolayers). We review the characteristics of existing 3-D models and aim to point out the substantial advantages 3-D cultures provide for modern radiobiology. In particula...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره   شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2004